The primary use for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) testing is to match organ and tissue transplant recipients with compatible donors. HLA testing also includes screening transplant recipients for the presence of antibodies that might target the donated tissue or organ as part of an immune response. Different kinds of transplants necessitate different levels of matching between donor and intended recipient. This may determine which HLA tests are performed and which HLA genes are tested for. There are typically three components of testing used to determine HLA compatibility: HLA antigen typing of donors and recipients – this step involves identifying HLA alleles. Family members who volunteer to donate hematopoietic stem cells, or an organ are HLA-antigen tested to see if they are a match for the relative who needs a transplant. If people want to make themselves available to donate hematopoietic stem cells to anyone who needs it, they can sign up with a national registry such as the United States National Marrow Donor Program (NMDP). HLA testing is performed and test results are kept on file to compare with results from those people who need a donor match. HLA antibody screening of recipients – HLA antibody testing is performed on the recipient to determine if there are any antibodies present that would target the donated organ or tissue. Some people have HLA-specific antibodies that developed following an exposure to non-self antigens. There are essentially three reasons for exposure to non-self HLA antigens: pregnancy, particularly multiple pregnancies (from exposure to the father’s HLA antigens that have been passed on to the fetus), blood or platelet transfusions, or previous transplant(s). Once formed, HLA antibodies must be considered during matching because they can potentially attack donor tissues that have the corresponding HLA antigen.While the person waiting is for a matching donor to become available, HLA antibody testing may be periodically performed and updated to determine if the person has developed additional HLA antibodies. HLA antibody assessment may also be used post-transplant to determine if the recipient has developed antibodies to the transplanted donor HLA antigens. Antibodies formed post-transplant may increase the risk of graft failure. Lymphocyte crossmatching (Donor-specific) – This step may be done in some cases after a potential donor has been identified. It helps determine if the intended recipient has antibodies directed against antigens present on the donor’s lymphocytes. Serum from the intended recipient is mixed with white blood cells (T and B lymphocytes) from the donor. Any reaction detected (a positive result) would indicate likely incompatibility between the two. The crossmatch result should always be interpreted along with known information regarding the recipient’s HLA antibodies and the donor’s HLA typing.
Sample Type - Blood
Reporting Time - Please Call Customer care
Prerequisites - No special preparation required
Price - ₹2010/-
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